Chapter 26: The Child with Genitourinary Dysfunction - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Daily weight is the most accurate measure of fluid balance in acute glomerulonephritis, reflecting edema changes. Proteinuria indicates disease severity, specific gravity is unreliable due to proteinuria and hematuria, and intake/output is less accurate, especially in non-toilet-trained children.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Frequent blood pressure monitoring is critical in acute glomerulonephritis to detect acute hypertension, which requires aggressive management to prevent renal damage. Antibiotics aren?t typically used, hypotension is not a primary concern, and fluctuations don?t indicate chronicity.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Reduced serum albumin, due to significant proteinuria, is a hallmark of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Specific gravity is high due to protein loss, hemoglobin is normal or elevated, and platelet counts are elevated from hemoconcentration, not normal.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary goal in MCNS is to minimize urinary protein excretion, reducing edema and complications. Blood pressure is typically normal, serum protein levels need to increase, and fluid retention (edema) is a problem to be reduced, not increased.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: High-dose prednisone causes immunosuppression, making infection prevention a priority in MCNS. Appetite is naturally increased by steroids, edema monitoring is part of disease management, and antibiotics are not used prophylactically in this condition.