ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 26 : The Child with Genitourinary Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse notes that a child has lost 3.6 kg (8 lb) after 4 days of hospitalization for acute glomerulonephritis. What is the most likely cause of this weight loss?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid weight loss of 8 lb in 4 days in acute glomerulonephritis is due to improved renal function and mobilization of edema fluid. Poor appetite and bed rest don?t cause such significant loss, and potassium is restricted, not increased, until renal function normalizes.
Question 2 of 5
What measure of fluid balance status is most useful in a child with acute glomerulonephritis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Daily weight is the most accurate measure of fluid balance in acute glomerulonephritis, reflecting edema changes. Proteinuria indicates disease severity, specific gravity is unreliable due to proteinuria and hematuria, and intake/output is less accurate, especially in non-toilet-trained children.
Question 3 of 5
The parent of a child hospitalized with acute glomerulonephritis asks the nurse why blood pressure readings are being taken so often. What knowledge should influence the nurses reply?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frequent blood pressure monitoring is critical in acute glomerulonephritis to detect acute hypertension, which requires aggressive management to prevent renal damage. Antibiotics aren?t typically used, hypotension is not a primary concern, and fluctuations don?t indicate chronicity.
Question 4 of 5
What laboratory finding, in conjunction with the presenting symptoms, indicates minimal change nephrotic syndrome?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reduced serum albumin, due to significant proteinuria, is a hallmark of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Specific gravity is high due to protein loss, hemoglobin is normal or elevated, and platelet counts are elevated from hemoconcentration, not normal.
Question 5 of 5
What is the primary objective of care for the child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal in MCNS is to minimize urinary protein excretion, reducing edema and complications. Blood pressure is typically normal, serum protein levels need to increase, and fluid retention (edema) is a problem to be reduced, not increased.