ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 26 : The Child with Genitourinary Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
A girl, age 5 1/2 years, has been sent to the school nurse for urinary incontinence three times in the past 2 days. The nurse should recommend to her parent that the first action is to have the child evaluated for what condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Incontinence in a toilet-trained 5½-year-old girl suggests a UTI, common in this age group. UTI evaluation precedes psychosocial causes like school phobia or ADHD, and glomerulonephritis typically presents with reduced urine output and fluid retention, not incontinence.
Question 2 of 5
What recommendation should the nurse make to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young girls?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adequate fluid intake (e.g., 2 L/day for a 5-6-year-old) minimizes urinary stasis, reducing UTI risk. Public toilets and long baths aren?t directly linked to UTIs, and perineal cleansing with water lacks evidence as a primary preventive measure.
Question 3 of 5
In teaching the parent of a newly diagnosed 2-year-old child with pyelonephritis related to vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), the nurse should include which information?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: VUR has a 36% incidence in siblings, necessitating screening to detect and prevent scarring. Fluid restriction is not advised, cranberry juice lacks proven efficacy in children, and surgery may be needed for severe VUR but doesn?t reverse existing scarring.
Question 4 of 5
What pathologic process is believed to be responsible for the development of postinfectious glomerulonephritis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Postinfectious glomerulonephritis results from immune complexes formed after streptococcal infection, depositing in glomerular capillaries. Renal vessel infarction occurs in sickle cell disease, bacterial endotoxins aren?t involved, and embolization is linked to bacterial endocarditis.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notes that a child has lost 3.6 kg (8 lb) after 4 days of hospitalization for acute glomerulonephritis. What is the most likely cause of this weight loss?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapid weight loss of 8 lb in 4 days in acute glomerulonephritis is due to improved renal function and mobilization of edema fluid. Poor appetite and bed rest don?t cause such significant loss, and potassium is restricted, not increased, until renal function normalizes.