ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 25 : The Child with Cancer Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is administering an intravenous chemotherapeutic agent to a child with leukemia. The child suddenly begins to wheeze and have severe urticaria. What nursing action is most appropriate to initiate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Wheezing and urticaria indicate an allergic reaction, requiring immediate cessation of the chemotherapeutic agent, withdrawal of remaining drug, and initiation of a saline infusion. Checking the rate, observing further, or dismissing as expected delays critical intervention.
Question 2 of 5
Total-body irradiation is indicated for what reason?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Total-body irradiation destroys the immune system to prepare for bone marrow transplant, increasing complication risks until engraftment. It?s not used for palliative care, lymphoma, or leukemia as a primary treatment, which rely on other modalities.
Question 3 of 5
The parents of a child with cancer tell the nurse that a bone marrow transplant (BMT) may be necessary. What information should the nurse recognize as important when discussing this with the family?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: HLA matching is critical for successful BMT, ensuring donor compatibility. BMT timing varies by disease, parents share only about 50% genetic material, and discussing post-failure treatments is premature during initial planning.
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent will receive a bone marrow transplant (BMT). The nurse should explain that the bone marrow will be administered by which method?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bone marrow is administered via intravenous infusion, allowing stem cells to migrate to the recipient?s marrow for repopulation. Bone grafting, injection, or intraabdominal infusion are not used for BMT.
Question 5 of 5
After chemotherapy is begun for a child with acute leukemia, prophylaxis to prevent acute tumor lysis syndrome includes which therapeutic intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hydration prevents acute tumor lysis syndrome by reducing metabolic complications (e.g., hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia) from cell breakdown during leukemia treatment. Oxygenation, corticosteroids, and pain management don?t address this syndrome directly.