Chapter 24: The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cows milk, common in diets of 12-36-month-olds, is low in iron, increasing anemia risk. Fetal iron stores, dependent on maternal stores, last 5-6 months, and iron-fortified foods can be introduced before 12 months via breastfeeding or formula.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia reduces oxygen availability to tissues, causing symptoms like pallor and fatigue. The hematopoietic system produces smaller, less hemoglobin-rich RBCs, infants are often overweight from milk, and diagnosis requires lab confirmation, not appearance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Adequate iron dosage turns stools tarry green, indicating sufficient absorption. Iron is best given between meals for acidic absorption, nausea may require dose adjustment, not cessation, and liquid iron should be given through a straw to avoid tooth staining.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Splenectomy corrects hemolysis in hereditary spherocytosis, typically for children over 5 with symptomatic anemia. Calcium doesn?t affect HS, transfusions suppress RBC production and carry risks, and iron supplementation is ineffective for this condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Sickle cell anemia involves replacement of normal hemoglobin with abnormal sickled hemoglobin, a hemoglobinopathy. Aplastic anemia is bone marrow failure, thalassemia major involves reduced hemoglobin chain production, and iron deficiency affects RBC size, not hemoglobin type.