ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 24 : The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
In which condition are all the formed elements of the blood simultaneously depressed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aplastic anemia involves bone marrow failure, depressing all blood elements (RBCs, WBCs, platelets). Sickle cell anemia affects hemoglobin, thalassemia major impacts hemoglobin chain production, and iron deficiency reduces RBC size and hemoglobin, not all elements.
Question 2 of 5
For children who do not have a matched sibling bone marrow donor, the therapeutic management of aplastic anemia includes what intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immunosuppressive therapy (e.g., antilymphocyte globulin, cyclosporine) treats aplastic anemia, likely an autoimmune condition, improving prognosis. Antibiotics treat infections, not the condition; antiretrovirals and iron are irrelevant to aplastic anemia management.
Question 3 of 5
The regulation of red blood cell (RBC) production is thought to be controlled by which physiologic factor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tissue hypoxia triggers the kidneys to release erythropoietin, stimulating bone marrow to produce RBCs. Hemoglobin levels indirectly influence this through oxygen delivery, reticulocyte count monitors production, and RBC numbers don?t directly control production.
Question 4 of 5
What physiologic defect is responsible for causing anemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anemia is defined by reduced RBCs or hemoglobin, leading to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity. Increased viscosity occurs with too many cells, a depressed hematopoietic system or abnormal hemoglobin may contribute, but the core defect is reduced oxygen delivery.
Question 5 of 5
A mother states that she brought her child to the clinic because the 3-year-old girl was not keeping up with her siblings. During physical assessment, the nurse notes that the child has pale skin and conjunctiva and has muscle weakness. The hemoglobin on admission is 6.4 g/dl. After notifying the practitioner of the results, what nursing priority intervention should occur next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A hemoglobin of 6.4 g/dl (normal 11.5-15.5 g/dl) indicates severe anemia, increasing cardiac workload to compensate for reduced oxygen delivery. Minimizing energy expenditure reduces cardiac strain. Seizures aren?t a risk, repeat testing is unnecessary, and dehydration isn?t evident.