ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 24 : The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
An 8-year-old girl is receiving a blood transfusion when the nurse notes that she has developed precordial pain, dyspnea, distended neck veins, slight cyanosis, and a dry cough. These manifestations are most suggestive of what complication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Circulatory overload presents with precordial pain, dyspnea, distended neck veins, cyanosis, and dry cough due to fluid volume excess. Air embolism causes sudden respiratory distress, allergic reactions involve urticaria and wheezing, and hemolytic reactions include fever and shock.
Question 2 of 5
What explanation provides the rationale for why iron-deficiency anemia is common during infancy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cows milk, common in diets of 12-36-month-olds, is low in iron, increasing anemia risk. Fetal iron stores, dependent on maternal stores, last 5-6 months, and iron-fortified foods can be introduced before 12 months via breastfeeding or formula.
Question 3 of 5
What statement best describes iron deficiency anemia in infants?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia reduces oxygen availability to tissues, causing symptoms like pallor and fatigue. The hematopoietic system produces smaller, less hemoglobin-rich RBCs, infants are often overweight from milk, and diagnosis requires lab confirmation, not appearance.
Question 4 of 5
What information should the nurse include when teaching the mother of a 9-month-old infant about administering liquid iron preparations?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adequate iron dosage turns stools tarry green, indicating sufficient absorption. Iron is best given between meals for acidic absorption, nausea may require dose adjustment, not cessation, and liquid iron should be given through a straw to avoid tooth staining.
Question 5 of 5
Therapeutic management of a 6-year-old child with hereditary spherocytosis (HS) should include which therapeutic intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Splenectomy corrects hemolysis in hereditary spherocytosis, typically for children over 5 with symptomatic anemia. Calcium doesn?t affect HS, transfusions suppress RBC production and carry risks, and iron supplementation is ineffective for this condition.