ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 23 : The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
The physician suggests that surgery be performed for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) to prevent which complication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PDA causes left-to-right shunting from the aorta to the pulmonary artery, leading to pulmonary vascular congestion. Surgery prevents this complication. Hypoxemia is linked to mixed flow defects, the shunt is left-to-right, and PDA increases left heart workload.
Question 2 of 5
What cardiovascular defect results in obstruction to blood flow?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aortic stenosis narrows the aortic valve, obstructing blood flow from the left ventricle, causing hypertrophy and congestion. Tricuspid atresia reduces pulmonary flow, atrial septal defect increases it, and transposition involves mixed flow, not obstruction.
Question 3 of 5
What term is defined as the volume of blood ejected by the heart in 1 minute?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cardiac output is the volume of blood ejected by the heart per minute, calculated as heart rate times stroke volume. Afterload is resistance to ventricular ejection, cardiac cycle is the sequence of atrial and ventricular contraction, and stroke volume is the blood ejected per contraction.
Question 4 of 5
A chest radiography examination is ordered for a child with suspected cardiac problems. The childs parent asks the nurse, What will the x-ray show about the heart? The nurses response should be based on knowledge that the radiograph provides which information?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chest radiographs reveal heart size and pulmonary blood flow patterns, aiding in cardiac assessment. They also show chest bones, but the heart is visible. Vascular anatomy is evaluated via MRI, and electrical activity is measured by electrocardiography, not radiographs.
Question 5 of 5
A 6-year-old child is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. What consideration is most important in planning preoperative teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teaching adapted to a 6-year-old?s developmental level ensures understanding and reduces anxiety. Parents benefit but the child needs tailored explanations. Detailed procedures are too complex for this age, and teaching close to the procedure time is sufficient.