Chapter 22: The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Hirschsprung disease involves an aganglionic colon segment, causing mechanical obstruction and reduced evacuation. It leads to liquid stool leakage, not frequent evacuation, difficulty passing meconium, and decreased, not excessive, peristalsis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Marking the measurement point with a pen ensures consistent abdominal circumference assessment at the same location, typically the umbilicus. Measuring after feedings is inappropriate with NPO status, the symphysis pubis is too low, and a new tape measure is unnecessary.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Preparing a preschooler for a colostomy using simple explanations and visual aids helps them adjust to the procedure. Preparation is necessary despite age, temporary status doesn?t negate the need, and body image concerns are less relevant at this age.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The NG tube prevents abdominal distention by suctioning gastrointestinal secretions. It doesn?t prevent infection, electrolyte monitoring is secondary, and while output records are important, the primary purpose is distention prevention.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Thickening feedings and enlarging the nipple hole reduces emesis volume and frequency by increasing caloric density and easing feeding. Surgery is for severe cases, prone positioning risks SIDS, and smaller, frequent feedings are better than larger volumes.