ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 21 : The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction Questions
Question 1 of 5
An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what type of isolation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: RSV requires Contact Precautions, including gloves and gowns, to prevent droplet transmission, in addition to Standard Precautions. Reverse isolation protects immunocompromised patients, airborne isolation is for diseases like measles, and Standard Precautions alone are insufficient.
Question 2 of 5
An infant has been diagnosed with staphylococcal pneumonia. Nursing care of the child with pneumonia includes which intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antibiotics are essential for treating bacterial pneumonia like staphylococcal pneumonia. Frequent complete assessments are unnecessary if respiratory status is monitored, antitussives are used sparingly to allow secretion clearance, and fluid monitoring prevents dehydration, not heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
What consideration is most important in managing tuberculosis (TB) in children?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chemotherapy with drugs like isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide is the cornerstone of TB management in children, administered for 2 months daily and then 4 months biweekly. Skin testing aids diagnosis, while rest and hydration support but are secondary to drug therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A toddler has a unilateral foul-smelling nasal discharge and frequent sneezing. The nurse should suspect what condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A unilateral foul-smelling nasal discharge with sneezing suggests a foreign body causing local irritation and obstruction. Allergies cause bilateral clear discharge, pharyngitis lacks nasal discharge, and nasopharyngitis produces bilateral mucous discharge.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with sepsis. What nursing action should be included in the care of the child?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring pulse oximetry is critical to assess oxygenation in ARDS, guiding respiratory support. Fluids are given parenterally to maintain hydration, seizures are not typical in ARDS, and a high-protein diet is not specifically beneficial compared to balanced nutrition.