Chapter 21: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A unilateral foul-smelling nasal discharge with sneezing suggests a foreign body causing local irritation and obstruction. Allergies cause bilateral clear discharge, pharyngitis lacks nasal discharge, and nasopharyngitis produces bilateral mucous discharge.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Monitoring pulse oximetry is critical to assess oxygenation in ARDS, guiding respiratory support. Fluids are given parenterally to maintain hydration, seizures are not typical in ARDS, and a high-protein diet is not specifically beneficial compared to balanced nutrition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Monitoring arterial blood gases is essential for CO poisoning, as pulse oximetry is unreliable due to normal PaO2 levels. High-flow oxygen should be administered immediately, not only if distress or cherry-red lips (a late sign) appear, to displace CO from hemoglobin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cool-mist vaporizers are safer than steam vaporizers, reducing the risk of burns and microbial growth. Costs are comparable, steam vaporizers loosen rather than dry secretions, and both types enhance comfort, but safety is the primary reason for choosing cool-mist.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Using decongestant nose drops for no more than 3 days prevents rebound congestion. Drops should be discarded after illness to avoid contamination, administered before feedings for better effect, and given in two doses 5-10 minutes apart, not repeatedly every 5 minutes.