Chapter 18: Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early identification and treatment to prevent cerebral damage, such as newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism like hypothyroidism or phenylketonuria. Genetic counseling and rubella prevention are primary prevention, while preschool education is tertiary prevention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal is to promote optimum social, physical, cognitive, and adaptive development within the family and community. Vocational skills are a component, not the primary focus. Out-of-home care and future care adjustments are secondary to fostering overall development.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Fading involves guiding the child through a task and gradually reducing assistance to promote independence. Positive reinforcement supports behavior modification, verbal explanations are less effective, and negative reinforcement is not the primary focus of fading.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Behavior modification, using clear, simple, and consistent limits with reinforcement of desired behaviors, is effective for children with cognitive impairment. Discipline is necessary and effective when tailored to mental age, and physical punishment is inappropriate.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Peer experiences, such as infant stimulation and preschool programs, foster social development by providing opportunities for interaction. Age-appropriate toys support play but not socialization, avoiding strangers limits social growth, and verbal skills are often more delayed than physical skills.