ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 12 : Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is explaining the preconventional stage of moral development to a group of nursing students. What characterizes this stage?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Young childrens development of moral judgment is at the most basic level in the preconventional stage. They have little, if any, concern for why something is wrong. Following the rules, living up to social expectations, and having a concrete sense of justice and fairness are characteristics in the conventional stage.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching parents about instilling a positive body image for the preschool age. What statement made by the parents indicates the teaching is understood?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because these are formative years for both boys and girls, parents should make efforts to instill positive principles regarding body image. Children at this age are aware of the meaning of words such as pretty or ugly, and they reflect the opinions of others regarding their own appearance. Despite the advances in body image development, preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries. By 5 years of age, children compare their size with that of their peers and can become conscious of being large or short, especially if others refer to them as so big or so little for their age. Parents should not suggest their child compare him- or herself with other children in regard to size, and parents should not focus on their childs size as being little.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse has just given a subcutaneous injection to a preschool child, and the child asks for a Band-Aid over the site. Which action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Despite the advances in body image development, preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries and little knowledge of their internal anatomy. Intrusive experiences are frightening, especially those that disrupt the integrity of the skin (e.g., injections and surgery). They fear that all their blood and insides can leak out if the skin is broken.
Therefore, preschoolers may believe it is critical to use bandages after an injury. The nurse should place a Band-Aid over the site.
Question 4 of 5
In terms of fine motor development, what should the 3-year-old child be expected to do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Three-year-old children are able to accomplish the fine motor skill of copying (drawing) a circle. The ability to tie shoelaces, to use scissors or a pencil very well, and to draw a person with seven to nine parts are fine motor skills of 5-year-old children.
Question 5 of 5
According to Piaget, magical thinking is the belief of which?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because of their egocentrism and transductive reasoning, preschoolers believe that thoughts are all powerful. Believing God is an imaginary friend is an example of concrete thinking in a preschoolers spiritual development. Cause-and-effect implies logical thought, not magical thinking. Believing that if the skin is broken, the insides will come out is an example of concrete thinking in development of body image.