ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 12 : Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family Questions
Question 1 of 5
According to Piaget, magical thinking is the belief of which?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because of their egocentrism and transductive reasoning, preschoolers believe that thoughts are all powerful. Believing God is an imaginary friend is an example of concrete thinking in a preschoolers spiritual development. Cause-and-effect implies logical thought, not magical thinking. Believing that if the skin is broken, the insides will come out is an example of concrete thinking in development of body image.
Question 2 of 5
In terms of cognitive development, a 5-year-old child should be expected to do which?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Magical thinking is believing that thoughts can cause events. An example is thinking of the death of a parent might cause it to happen. Abstract thought does not develop until the school-age years. The concept of conservation is the cognitive task of school-age children, ages 5 to 7 years. A 5-year-old child cannot understand another persons perspective.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy. His parents tell the nurse they will be back to visit at 6 PM. When he asks the nurse when his parents are coming, what would the nurses best response be?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 4-year-old child understands time in relation to events such as meals. Children perceive soon as a very short time. The nurse may lose the childs trust if his parents do not return in the time he perceives as soon. Children cannot read or use a clock for practical purposes until age 7 years. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be assumes the child understands the concepts of hours and minutes, which does not occur until age 5 or 6 years.
Question 4 of 5
A 4-year-old boy is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection. He tells the nurse that he is sick because he was bad. What is the nurses best interpretation of this comment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preschoolers cannot understand the cause and effect of illness. Their egocentrism makes them think they are directly responsible for events, making them feel guilt for things outside of their control. Children of this age react to stress by regressing developmentally or acting out. Maladaptation is unlikely. This comment does not imply excessive discipline at home.
Question 5 of 5
A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she doesnt want another blood sample drawn because I need all of my insides and I dont want anyone taking them out. What is the nurses best interpretation of this?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preschoolers have little understanding of body boundaries, which leads to fears of mutilation. The child is not capable of being dramatic at this age. She truly has fear. Body image is just developing in school-age children. Preschoolers do not have good understanding of their bodies.