ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 10 : Health Problem of Infants Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is marasmus?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Marasmus is a syndrome of emotional and physical deprivation. It is not confined to geographic areas were food supplies are inadequate. Marasmus is characterized by gradual wasting and atrophy of body tissues, especially of subcutaneous fat. The child appears old, with flabby and wrinkled skin. Marasmus is a deficiency of both protein and calories.
Question 2 of 5
At a well-child check-up, the nurse notes that an infant with a previous diagnosis of failure to thrive (FTT) is now steadily gaining weight. The nurse should recommend that fruit juice intake be limited to no more than how much?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Restrict juice intake in children with FTT until adequate weight gain has been achieved with appropriate milk sources; thereafter, give no more than 4 oz/day of juice.
Question 3 of 5
An infant has been diagnosed with an allergy to milk. In teaching the parent how to meet the infants nutritional needs, the nurse states that
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Approximately 80% of children with cows milk allergy develop tolerance by the fifth birthday. The child can have eggs. Any food that has milk as a component or filler is eliminated. These foods include processed meats, salad dressings, soups, and milk chocolate. Having the entire family follow the special diet would provide support for the child, but the nutritional needs of other family members must be addressed. Antihistamines are not used for food allergies.
Question 4 of 5
Lactose intolerance is diagnosed in an 11-month-old infant. Which should the nurse recommend as a milk substitute?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Yogurt contains the inactive lactase enzyme, which is activated by the temperature and pH of the duodenum. This lactase activity substitutes for the lack of endogenous lactase. Ice cream and cows milk-based formula contain lactose, which will probably not be tolerated by the child. Fortified cereal does not have the nutritional equivalents of milk.
Question 5 of 5
Which term refers to the relative lactase deficiency observed in preterm infants of less than 34 weeks of gestation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Developmental lactase deficiency refers to the relative lactase deficiency observed in preterm infants of less than 34 weeks of gestation. Congenital lactase deficiency occurs soon after birth after the newborn has consumed lactose-containing milk. Primary lactase deficiency, sometimes referred to as late-onset lactase deficiency, is the most common type of lactose intolerance and is manifested usually after 4 or 5 years of age. Secondary lactase deficiency may occur secondary to damage of the intestinal lumen, which decreases or destroys the enzyme lactase.