ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 10 : Health Problem of Infants Questions
Question 1 of 5
An infant has been diagnosed with an allergy to milk. In teaching the parent how to meet the infants nutritional needs, the nurse states that
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Approximately 80% of children with cows milk allergy develop tolerance by the fifth birthday. The child can have eggs. Any food that has milk as a component or filler is eliminated. These foods include processed meats, salad dressings, soups, and milk chocolate. Having the entire family follow the special diet would provide support for the child, but the nutritional needs of other family members must be addressed. Antihistamines are not used for food allergies.
Question 2 of 5
Lactose intolerance is diagnosed in an 11-month-old infant. Which should the nurse recommend as a milk substitute?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Yogurt contains the inactive lactase enzyme, which is activated by the temperature and pH of the duodenum. This lactase activity substitutes for the lack of endogenous lactase. Ice cream and cows milk-based formula contain lactose, which will probably not be tolerated by the child. Fortified cereal does not have the nutritional equivalents of milk.
Question 3 of 5
Which term refers to the relative lactase deficiency observed in preterm infants of less than 34 weeks of gestation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Developmental lactase deficiency refers to the relative lactase deficiency observed in preterm infants of less than 34 weeks of gestation. Congenital lactase deficiency occurs soon after birth after the newborn has consumed lactose-containing milk. Primary lactase deficiency, sometimes referred to as late-onset lactase deficiency, is the most common type of lactose intolerance and is manifested usually after 4 or 5 years of age. Secondary lactase deficiency may occur secondary to damage of the intestinal lumen, which decreases or destroys the enzyme lactase.
Question 4 of 5
Which statement best describes colic?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Colic is described as paroxysmal abdominal pain or cramping that is manifested by loud crying and drawing up the legs to the abdomen. Weight loss is not part of the clinical picture. There are many theories about the cause of colic. Emotional stress or tension between the parent and child is one component. This is not consistent throughout all cases. Colic is most common in infants younger than 3 months of age.
Question 5 of 5
The parent of an infant with colic tells the nurse, All this baby does is scream at me; it is a constant worry. What is the nurses best action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Colic is multifactorial, and no single treatment is effective for all infants. The parent is verbalizing concern and worry. The nurse should allow the parent to put these feelings into words. An empathetic, gentle, and reassuring attitude, in addition to suggestions about remedies, will help alleviate the parents anxiety. The nurse should reassure the parent that he or she is not doing anything wrong. The infant with colic is experiencing spasmodic pain that is manifested by loud crying, in some cases up to 3 hours each day. Telling the parent that it will eventually go away does not help him or her through the current situation.