ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 10 : Health Problem of Infants Questions
Question 1 of 5
A parent brings a 12-month-old infant into the emergency department and tells the nurse that the infant is allergic to peanuts and was accidentally given a cookie with peanuts in it. The infant is dyspneic, wheezing, and cyanotic. The health care provider has prescribed a dose of epinephrine to be administered. The infant weighs 24 lb. How many milligrams of epinephrine should be administered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct dose of epinephrine to use in the emergency management of an anaphylactic reaction is 0.001 mg/kg up to a maximum of 0.3 mg, giving a range of 0.011 to 0.3 mg using a weight of 11 kg (24 lb).
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a parent with a 2-month-old infant who has been diagnosed with colic about ways to relieve colic. Which statement by the parent indicates the need for additional teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because the infant has been diagnosed with colic, the parent should respond to the infant immediately or any type of interventions to relieve colic may not be effective. Also, the infant may develop a mistrust of the world if his or her needs are not met. The parent should swaddle the baby tightly with a soft blanket, massage the babys abdomen, and place the infant in an upright seat after a feeding to help relieve colic.
Question 3 of 5
Rickets is caused by a deficiency in what?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fat-soluble vitamin D and calcium are necessary in adequate amounts to prevent rickets. No correlation exists between rickets and folic acid, iron, or vitamins A and C.
Question 4 of 5
Which factors will decrease iron absorption and should not be given at the same time as an iron supplement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Many foods interfere with iron absorption and should be avoided when iron is consumed. These foods include phosphates found in milk, phytates found in cereals, and oxalates found in many vegetables. Vitamin C-containing juices enhance the absorption of iron. Multivitamins may contain iron; no contraindication exists to taking the two together. Meat, fish, and poultry do not affect absorption.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is helping parents achieve a more nutritionally adequate vegetarian diet for their children. Which is most likely lacking in their particular diet?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Deficiencies can occur when various substances in the diet interact with minerals. For example, iron, zinc, and calcium can form insoluble complexes with phytates or oxalates (substances found in plant proteins), which impair the bioavailability of the mineral. This type of interaction is important in vegetarian diets because plant foods such as soy are high in phytates. Fat and vitamins C and A are readily available from vegetable sources. Plant proteins are available.