ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 6 : Infectious Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
A mother tells the nurse that she does not want her infant immunized because of the discomfort associated with injections. What should the nurse explain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To minimize the discomfort associated with intramuscular injections, a topical anesthetic agent can be used on the injection site. These include EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anesthetic) and vapor coolant sprays. Pain associated with many procedures can be prevented or minimized by using the principles of atraumatic care. Infants have neural pathways that will indicate pain. Numerous research studies have indicated that infants perceive and react to pain in the same manner as do children and adults. The mother should be allowed to discuss her concerns and the alternatives available. This is part of the informed consent process.
Question 2 of 5
A 4-month-old infant comes to the clinic for a well-infant checkup. Immunizations she should receive are DTaP (diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis) and IPV (inactivated poliovirus vaccine). She is recovering from a cold but is otherwise healthy and afebrile. Her older sister has cancer and is receiving chemotherapy. Nursing considerations should include which?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These immunizations can be given safely. Serious illness is a contraindication. A mild illness with or without fever is not a contraindication. These are not live vaccines, so they do not pose a risk to her sister.
Question 3 of 5
Which serious reaction should the nurse be alert for when administering vaccines?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Each vaccine administration carries the risk of an allergic reaction. The nurse must be prepared to intervene if the child demonstrates signs of a severe reaction. Mild febrile reactions do occur after administration. The nurse includes management of fever in the parent teaching. Local skin irritation may occur at the injection site after administration. Parents are informed that this is expected. The injection can be painful. The nurse can minimize the discomfort with topical analgesics and nonpharmacologic measures.
Question 4 of 5
Which muscle is contraindicated for the administration of immunizations in infants and young children?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The dorsogluteal site is avoided in children because of the location of nerves and veins. The deltoid is recommended for 12 months and older. The ventrogluteal and anterolateral thigh sites can safely be used for the administration of vaccines to infants.
Question 5 of 5
Which is described as an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A vesicle is elevated, circumscribed, superficial, smaller than 1 cm in diameter, and filled with serous fluid. A cyst is elevated, circumscribed, palpable, encapsulated, and filled with liquid or semisolid material. A papule is elevated; palpable; firm; circumscribed; smaller than 1 cm in diameter; and brown, red, pink, tan, or bluish red. A pustule is elevated, superficial, and similar to a vesicle but filled with purulent fluid.