ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 5 : Pain Assessment in and Management in Children Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a staff development program about levels of sedation in the pediatric population. Which statement by one of the participants should indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When discussing levels of sedation, the participants should understand that during moderate sedation, the patient responds to verbal commands but may not respond to light tactile stimulation, cognitive function is impaired, and respiratory function is adequate. In minimal sedation, the patient responds to verbal commands and may have impaired cognitive function; the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are unaffected. In deep sedation, the patient cannot be easily aroused except by painful stimuli; the airway and spontaneous ventilation may be impaired, but cardiovascular function is maintained. With general anesthesia, the patient loses consciousness and cannot be aroused with painful stimuli, the airway cannot be maintained, and ventilation is impaired; cardiovascular function may or may not be impaired.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is planning to administer a nonopioid for pain relief to a child. Which timing should the nurse plan to ensure maximum effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can provide safe and effective pain relief when dosed at appropriate levels with adequate frequency. Most NSAIDs take about 1 hour for effect, so timing is crucial.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is planning pain control for a child. Which is the advantage of administering pain medication by the intravenous (IV) bolus route?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The advantage of pain medication by the IV bolus route is that it provides the most rapid onset of effect, usually in about 5 minutes. IV medications are more expensive than oral medications, and the IV route bypasses the first-pass effect through the liver. Pain control with IV bolus medication needs to be repeated hourly for continuous pain control.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with recurrent headaches methods to modify behavior patterns that increase the risk of headache. Which statement by the parents indicates understanding the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To modify behavior patterns that increase the risk of headache or reinforce headache activity, the nurse instructs the parents to avoid giving excessive attention to their childs headache and to respond matter-of-factly to pain behavior and requests for special attention. Parents learn to assess whether the child is avoiding school or social performance demands because of headache.
Question 5 of 5
Which is a complication that can occur after abdominal surgery if pain is not managed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain associated with surgery in the abdominal region (e.g., appendectomy, cholecystectomy, splenectomy) may result in pulmonary complications. Pain leads to decreased muscle movement in the thorax and abdominal area and leads to decreased tidal volume, vital capacity, functional residual capacity, and alveolar ventilation. The patient is unable to cough and clear secretions, and the risk for complications such as pneumonia and atelectasis is high. Severe postoperative pain also results in sympathetic overactivity, which leads to increases in heart rate, peripheral resistance, blood pressure, and cardiac output. Hypoglycemia, decreases in heart rate, and increases in cardiac output are not complications of poor pain management.