ATI LPN
Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 3 : Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion Questions
Question 1 of 5
Turner syndrome is suspected in an adolescent girl with short stature. What causes this?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Turner syndrome is caused by an absence of one of the X chromosomes. Most girls who have this disorder have one X chromosome missing from all cells. No Y chromosome is present in individuals with Turner syndrome. These young women have 45 rather than 46 chromosomes.
Question 2 of 5
Which is a sex chromosome abnormality that is caused by the presence of one or more additional X chromosomes in a male?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Klinefelter syndrome is characterized by one or more additional X chromosomes. These individuals are tall with male secondary sexual characteristics that may be deficient, and they may be learning disabled. An absence of an X chromosome results in Turner syndrome. Triple X and trisomy 13 are not abnormalities that involve one or more additional X chromosomes in a male (Klinefelter syndrome).
Question 3 of 5
Parents ask the nurse about the characteristics of autosomal dominant inheritance. Which statement is characteristic of autosomal dominant inheritance?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In autosomal dominant inheritance, only one copy of the mutant gene is necessary to cause the disorder. When a parent is affected, there is a 50% chance that the chromosome with the gene for the disorder will be contributed to each pregnancy. Males and females are equally affected. The disorder does not skip a generation. If the child is not affected, then most likely he or she is not a carrier of the gene for the disorder. In autosomal recessive inheritance, any child of two unaffected heterozygous parents has a 25% chance of being affected.
Question 4 of 5
Parents ask the nurse about the characteristics of autosomal recessive inheritance. Which is characteristic of autosomal recessive inheritance?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parents who are carriers of a recessive gene are asymptomatic. For a child to be affected, both parents must have a copy of the gene, which is passed to the child. Both parents are asymptomatic but can have affected children. In autosomal recessive inheritance, there is a 25% chance that each pregnancy will result in an affected child. In autosomal dominant inheritance, affected parents can have unaffected children.
Question 5 of 5
Which is characteristic of X-linked recessive inheritance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In X-linked recessive disorders, the affected individuals are usually male. With recessive traits, usually two copies of the gene are needed to produce the effect. Because the male only has one X chromosome, the effect is visible with only one copy of the gene. Females are usually only carriers of X-linked recessive disorders. The X chromosome that does not have the recessive gene will produce the normal protein, so the woman will not show evidence of the disorder. The transmission is from mother to son. Usually the mother and father are unaffected.