ATI LPN
Test Bank for Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Communication Approach to Evidence-Based Care, 4e 4th Edition
Chapter 4 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse administering psychotropic medications should be prepared to intervene when giving a drug that blocks the attachment of norepinephrine to ?±??-receptors because the patient may experience what effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sympathetic-mediated vasoconstriction is essential for maintaining normal blood pressure in the uplink position. Blockage of ?±??-receptors leads to vasodilation and orthostatic hypotension. Orthostatic hypotension may cause fainting and falls. Patients should be taught ways of minimizing this phenomenon.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has taken many conventional antipsychotic drugs over the years. The health care provider, who is concerned about early signs of tardive dyskinesia, prescribes risperidone. A nurse planning care for this patient understands what fact about second-generation antipsychotics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Second-generation antipsychotic drugs often exert their action on the limbic system rather than the basal ganglia. The limbic system is not involved in motor disturbances. Atypical antipsychotic medications are not more readily available. They are not considered to be of higher potency; rather, they have different modes of action. Second generation antipsychotic drugs tend to be more expensive.
Question 3 of 5
A patient asks a nurse, 'What are neurotransmitters? My doctor says mine are out of balance.' What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stating that neurotransmitters are chemicals that pass messages between brain cells gives the most accurate information. Neurotransmitters are messengers in the central nervous system. They are released from the axon terminal, diffuse across the synapse, and attach to specialized receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. The incorrect responses do not answer the patient's question, are demeaning, and provide untrue and misleading information.
Question 4 of 5
The spouse of a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks, 'Which neurotransmitters are more active when a person has schizophrenia?' The nurse's response will focus on which neurotransmitters? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Dopamine plays a role in the integration of thoughts and emotions, and excess dopamine is implicated in the thought disturbances of schizophrenia. Increased activity of norepinephrine also occurs. Substance P is most related to the pain experience. Histamine decrease is associated with depression. Increased GABA is associated with anxiety reduction.
Question 5 of 5
A patient prescribed a muscarinic-receptor blocker, will require assess for what side effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Muscarinic-receptor blockade includes atropine-like side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. Gynecomastia is associated with decreased prolactin levels. Movement defects are associated with dopamine blockade. Orthostatic hypotension is associated with ?±??-receptor antagonism.