ATI LPN
Psychiatric Nursing: Contemporary Practice 6th Edition
Chapter 8 : Biologic Foundations of Psychiatric Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for an older adult who has experienced damage to the frontal lobe after an automobile accident. The nurse anticipates that the patient will have difficulty with which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The frontal lobe is responsible for executive functions, including concept formation, planning, and decision-making. Damage may impair these abilities. Smell is associated with the olfactory bulb, receptive speech with Wernicke?s area (temporal lobe), and hearing with the auditory cortex (temporal lobe).
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has experienced damage to the parietal lobes of the brain. The nurse anticipates that the patient will have difficulty with which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The parietal lobes process sensory information, such as touch and spatial awareness. Damage can impair sensory perception. Calculating math problems involves the frontal and parietal lobes but is less specific, seeing objects relates to the occipital lobe, and fluent speech involves Broca?s area.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with memory dysfunction associated with Alzheimer?s disease. The nurse determines that damage to the patient?s brain includes deterioration of temporal lobe structures and the nerves of which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alzheimer?s disease involves memory dysfunction due to deterioration of the hippocampus (part of the limbic system in the temporal lobe) and other temporal lobe structures. The basal ganglia regulate movement, the limbic system broadly affects emotions, and the frontal lobe handles executive functions.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a hospitalized patient who has a disorder of the hypothalamus. When developing the patient?s plan of care, in which of the following areas would the nurse anticipate a problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The hypothalamus regulates functions like sleep, hunger, and body temperature. A disorder may disrupt sleep patterns. Constipation is less directly related, speech involves cortical areas like Broca?s, and motor activity is primarily controlled by the basal ganglia and motor cortex.
Question 5 of 5
A patient who is scheduled to undergo a sleep deprivation electroencephalogram (EEG) in the morning is experiencing moderate anxiety about the procedure. Based on an understanding of this test, which of the following would the nurse avoid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sleep deprivation EEG requires the patient to stay awake to provoke brain activity for diagnosis. Administering a benzodiazepine, which promotes sedation, would counteract this purpose. Explaining the procedure, taking a history, and offering a noncaffeinated beverage are appropriate and support the test?s goals.