ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a client who has gonorrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use the Z-track technique to administer the medication. This technique helps prevent leakage of the medication into surrounding tissues by sealing the medication in the muscle. The Z-track method involves pulling the skin laterally before injecting the medication, then releasing the skin after the injection. This creates a zig-zag path that closes after the needle is withdrawn, reducing the risk of irritation or staining at the injection site.
Choice B is incorrect because the needle size for IM injections in adults is typically 22-25 gauge and 1-1.5 inches long.
Choice C is incorrect as IM injections should be administered at least 2.5 cm (1 inch) away from the umbilicus.
Choice D is incorrect because aspiration (pulling back on the plunger to check for blood return) is not recommended for IM injections due to the risk of tissue trauma.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a transfusion of packed RBCs. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of a febrile nonhemolytic reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chills. A febrile nonhemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion is characterized by the sudden onset of chills and fever, usually within the first 15 minutes to 2 hours of the transfusion. This reaction is caused by the recipient's antibodies reacting to donor leukocytes. Dyspnea (
A), urticaria (
B), and vomiting (
D) are more indicative of other transfusion reactions such as an allergic reaction, hemolytic reaction, or bacterial contamination, respectively.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is experiencing oxycodone toxicity. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sedation. Oxycodone is an opioid that depresses the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as sedation or drowsiness. This is because opioids like oxycodone bind to opioid receptors in the brain, causing a calming effect. Tachycardia (
A) and dilated pupils (
C) are more commonly associated with stimulant toxicity rather than opioid toxicity. Tachypnea (
D) is not a typical finding in opioid toxicity as opioids tend to depress the respiratory system, causing respiratory depression instead.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for lorazepam. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is B, dizziness, because lorazepam is a benzodiazepine that can cause central nervous system depression, leading to dizziness as a common adverse effect. Urinary retention (
A) is not a common side effect of lorazepam. Decreased appetite (
C) is not typically associated with lorazepam use. Hypertension (
D) is not a common adverse effect of lorazepam. It is important to monitor for dizziness as it can affect the client's safety and mobility.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hgb (hemoglobin). Epoetin alfa is a medication used to stimulate red blood cell production. Monitoring hemoglobin levels is crucial to assess the effectiveness of the medication in increasing red blood cell count. Hemoglobin reflects the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells, indicating if the medication is addressing the underlying anemia. Troponin (
A) is used to assess heart muscle damage, not relevant in this case. Thyroxine (
B) reflects thyroid function, not related to epoetin alfa therapy. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (
C) is a liver enzyme, not relevant for monitoring this medication's efficacy.