ATI LPN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 27 yo male patient presents with a female body habitus. Testicles are small. Absent secondary sex characteristics. Karyotype = 47 XXY. Which of the following is most likely to be seen with this clinical presentation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This patient has Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY), characterized by hypogonadism due to testicular failure. This leads to elevated LH and FSH (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism) as the pituitary attempts to stimulate the underperforming testes, while testosterone is low. Prolactin and TSH are not typically affected.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following diets would be most helpful to a patient with gout?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low-fat dairy reduces uric acid levels and is recommended for gout management, unlike high-purine diets like Atkins.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following does not increase the risk of developing endometrial carcinoma?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Obesity, unopposed estrogen (e.g., from hormone replacement therapy without progesterone), and anovulation increase endometrial carcinoma risk by elevating estrogen levels. Veganism does not inherently affect estrogen levels or endometrial cancer risk, making it the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
A colleague's wife presents to your office, ill appearing, w/ severe abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Dietary hx is not helpful. What should NOT be offered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Empiric quinolones should not be offered without confirming the diagnosis as inappropriate antibiotic use can worsen outcomes like in Clostridioides difficile infections.
Question 5 of 5
26-year-old man is found to have IgA nephropathy on a renal biopsy performed for intermittent hematuria and persistent proteinuria(UPC 1.8). His serum creatinine is 1.2 mg/dl. UPC declines to 1.5 and the serum creatinine increases to 1.3 mg/dl after 3 months of lisinopril 10 mg/d. The urinary Na excretion is 180 mmol/d. Which ONE of the following should be done next?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High sodium intake can reduce the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors like lisinopril. A low-sodium diet will enhance the drug's efficacy thus reducing proteinuria and protecting renal function.