ATI RN
Multiple Choice Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
2,3 DPG causes shifting of Oxygen dissociation curve in Adult Hb to Right because
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because 2,3 DPG binds to the Beta chain of Hemoglobin, reducing its oxygen affinity, causing a right shift in the Oxygen dissociation curve. This change allows for easier oxygen unloading in tissues. Choice A is incorrect as 2,3 DPG decreases, not increases, oxygen affinity. Choice C is irrelevant as its concentration is not a factor in the shifting of the curve. Choice D is incorrect as 2,3 DPG does bind to Hemoglobin, specifically to the Beta chain.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with heart failure that has not yet responded to treatment. What breath sound should the nurse expect to assess on auscultation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Crackles. In heart failure, crackles are often heard on auscultation due to fluid accumulation in the lungs. This is a result of the heart's inability to effectively pump blood, leading to congestion in the pulmonary circulation. Crackles are discontinuous, moist sounds that occur during inspiration and sometimes expiration. Expiratory wheezes (A) are typically associated with obstructive airway diseases such as asthma. Inspiratory wheezes (B) are not commonly heard in heart failure. Rhonchi (C) are low-pitched continuous sounds often heard in patients with bronchitis or pneumonia, not specifically in heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse has assessed a patient's family history for three generations. The presence of which respiratory disease would justify this type of assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Asthma is a hereditary respiratory disease, making it important to assess family history. 2. Genetic predisposition plays a role in the development of asthma. 3. Understanding family history helps in identifying potential risk factors. 4. Obstructive sleep apnea, community-acquired pneumonia, and pulmonary edema are not typically hereditary respiratory diseases. 5. Therefore, assessing family history for three generations is justified for asthma.
Question 4 of 5
What is the relationship between the pressures at label '3'?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because at label '3', the pressure outside the system is higher than the pressure inside. This is based on the principle that pressure decreases with increasing elevation. As we move upward in a fluid column, the pressure decreases. Therefore, in this scenario, the pressure outside the system (higher elevation) will be greater than the pressure inside the system (lower elevation). A: P outside = P inside - Incorrect, as explained above, pressures are not equal at label '3'. C: P outside < P inside - Incorrect, pressures are not in this relationship at label '3'. D: P outside + P inside - Incorrect, this is not a valid comparison of pressures at label '3'.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following factors would increase the amount of oxygen discharged by hemoglobin to peripheral tissues?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: decreased pH. A decrease in pH (increased acidity) causes a rightward shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, facilitating the release of oxygen from hemoglobin to peripheral tissues. This occurs due to the Bohr effect, where a decrease in pH weakens the bond between hemoglobin and oxygen, allowing for easier oxygen release. Incorrect answers: A: Decreased temperature would actually shift the dissociation curve to the left, making it more difficult for oxygen to be released from hemoglobin. C: Increased tissue PO2 would lead to less oxygen being released from hemoglobin as the gradient for oxygen release decreases. D: Decreased amounts of BPG would result in less oxygen being released as BPG helps facilitate oxygen unloading from hemoglobin in tissues.