HESI A2
HESI A2 Version 3 Anatomy and Physiology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
All actions of the nervous system depend on the transmission of nerve impulses over which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nerve impulses are transmitted in the nervous system through neurons. Neurons are specialized cells responsible for transmitting electrical and chemical signals, known as nerve impulses. Neuroglia are supportive cells in the nervous system, efferent pathways carry signals away from the central nervous system, and afferent pathways carry signals towards the central nervous system. Therefore, neurons play a crucial role in transmitting nerve impulses, making them the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
Which structure is a ball and socket joint?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Shoulder. A ball and socket joint allows for a wide range of motion in multiple directions and is characterized by a spherical end of one bone fitting into a socket on another bone. The shoulder joint is a prime example of a ball and socket joint, offering extensive movement capabilities compared to other joint types like hinge joints (e.g., elbow and knee) or gliding joints (e.g., ankle).
Question 3 of 5
What are macromolecules that carry the genetic code made of?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Macromolecules carrying the genetic code are made of nucleotides. Nucleotides serve as the building blocks of DNA and RNA, which are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information. While chromosomes are composed of DNA and proteins, they do not directly carry the genetic code. DNA and RNA are indeed composed of nucleotides, but they are not the carriers of the genetic code themselves.
Question 4 of 5
Which heart chamber has the thickest wall?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The left ventricle has the thickest wall of all the heart chambers because it needs to pump oxygenated blood to the entire body. Its muscular wall is thicker and more powerful compared to the other heart chambers. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body, the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs, the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs, while the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body. Due to the higher workload and pressure required to push blood to the entire body, the left ventricle is the most muscular and has the thickest wall.
Question 5 of 5
What are groups of like cells called?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Groups of like cells are called tissues. Tissues consist of cells with similar structures and functions that work together to perform specific functions in an organism. Examples of tissues include muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and epithelial tissue.